Martin Heidegger篇
感觉侧重描述了海德格尔(1889–1976)和纳粹的关联，但又以哲学家身份成功洗地，G. Steiner出镜！喜欢海德格尔的儿子带着介绍的black forest里那间林间小屋！Hans-Georg Gadamer (1900–2002)也算是继承衣钵的关门弟子； Hannah Arendt (1906–1975) became his pupil in 1924 and they had an affair. 1927 分手--- Being and Time出版--- 1933加入纳粹党，据说原因是厌恶现代城市生活，希望恢复/保留生活中的自然部分，试图通过纳粹的手段有效实现自己的理念；也因为反犹太思想在后期背弃了最初一心提携自己的具备犹太血统的phenomenology创始人Edmund Gustav Husserl (1859–1938)， 向Gestapo告发日后获诺贝尔化学奖无辜的同事等等。
所以说学识和品行没有必然联系啊，作品和为人也没什么关系。
“假如你吃个鸡蛋觉得味道不错,又何必认识那个下蛋的母鸡呢?”
理智和癫狂可能就一线之隔，怖い。
Friedrich Nietzsche篇
1849 Nietzsche’s father died, then followed his baby brother. 原来他在anti-Christ之前也是想像父亲一样成为pastor的，只不过失望之后便试图在godless universe中寻求信仰，曾经找到叔本华 who is pessimistic at the core 叔本华认为音乐是唯一能带领人类短暂脱离尘世苦痛获得片刻安愉的方式> 之后也喜欢上瓦格纳的歌剧（1876瓦格纳剧院开幕）。或许不幸比幸福更能够激起人的沉思。
片子中Nietzsche（1844-1900）有点像殉道者，为整个人类担起了思考的责任最后走向insanity，提出individualism,寻求free spirits。尼采自身就如同《查拉图斯特拉如是说》(Also sprach Zarathustraツァラツストラはかく語りき)中的主人公，在一个人多年独居之后决定下山，决定告诉大家上帝已死~
In search of the right audience
Overman: mankind itself is something that must be overcome.
Ideal of self-overcoming within the possibility of human being = transcend ourselves
looking for a new path devoid of God
Superman的misinterpretation和纳粹有关，实际上 Ubermensch= overcoming=overman
His sister Elizabeth re-edited some his writings to promote the Aryan ideal.
They idolized Nietzsche as the spiritual father of their racial theories.
看完也没觉得尼采或许并没有那么arrogant，反倒是Heidegger相比之下有种表面之下的arrogance。也许他想做一名人类自由的卫士却发现结果不如预期...Maybe God is dead but absolute or total freedom is still beyond our reach.
Btw, 一直都好喜欢德语发音；书籍的语音朗读和讲解相结合蛮有感觉
总之就是站在巨人肩上看问题，看到代代知识分子和大家的传承。
虽然对postmodernism更有共鸣，但也深知没有过去的发展就没有现在。正因为前人敢于突破敢于提出自己的想法，我们的社会才能够进步。他们的trial and error令我们认识到什么是可行什么是不可行，某种程度上他们带领我们走向未来的方向。
或许正是因为一切没有定论，因此我们的努力虽然显得渺小却又神圣而伟大。
无关的笔记>>
Structuralism
Just as wedding rings are defined by larger social structures, so, too, are people, and we cannot view ourselves as free, independent agents stripped of our social context. We must always use other people as a basis for understanding ourselves.
Language speaks human beings instead of we speaking language
Paul Ricoeur (1913–2005)
Language as Discourse (1976)
meaning does not lie in isolated words or expressions, but in discourse the utterance/intention is the entity that supports discourse
