川军老兵彭国臣

纪录片《川军老兵彭国臣》主创阐述

Director's Interpretation of The Sichuan Army Veteran PENG Guochen

我是2012年返乡的，那会正在寻找新的纪录片题材。可能出于对历史感兴趣，加上那会民间关爱抗战老兵公益活动搞得轰轰烈烈。湖南是抗战期间重要的兵源地。据统计，抗战期间湖南兵源数额达210万，占全国征募总数的15% 。

直至现在，老家湖南还有不少健在的抗战老兵。本着抢救历史，我们团队陆陆续续拍摄了一百多位抗战老兵，大多是视频版口述史。真正跟拍的抗战老兵纪录片除了2015年的《龙老》，还有就是《川军老兵彭国臣》，还有一部就是正在后期中的《将军的卫士》。

由于我们跟拍二战老兵纪录片时间跨度比较长，跟拍到后面，抗战老兵只是我们纪录片里主人公的一个身份而已。虽然也牵涉到抗战老兵身份认可问题，片子更主要的是探讨中国日益严峻的养老问题。

我们有个传统就是养儿防老，只是改革开放经济发展，乡村空心化，乡村劳动力大多已外出务工，留下的基本是老人和小孩。老人是一个容易被忽视的群体，老人的孤独寂寞比物质上的匮乏更为严重，也更容易被忽视。

纪录片《川军老兵彭国臣》前半部分主要呈现伦理道德，就是晚辈对老人应承担的责任和义务。片子后半部分牵涉到社会的养老体系，比如医疗等社会保障福利，其实百姓跟政府要福利的意识也不强。我出生乡村，2012年返乡的，直到2017年08月份才来城市，主要也是因为我孩子教育问题。我和很多人一样逃离了乡村，主要因为乡村医疗教育太落后。社会资源分配很成问题，包括政策的落实一样存在严重的问题。

在乡村，我见过太多老人老无所依，这值得我们反思的。为什么中华民族发展到现在，国家号称很强大，为什么社会保障这么落后，尊老爱幼本是传统美德，为什么当今太多老人老无所依。

每个人都会老去，包括我也是一样，我希望到了那一天，我能有尊重地活着，有尊严地死去。

I went back to hometown in 2012 and looked for new documentary subject. Because I’m interested in history, and the civil public benefit activities for Anti-Japanese War veteran are very good, I paid attention to these veterans. Hunan is the important source of troops. According to statistics data, during Anti-Japanese War, the number of soldier is up to two million and one hundred thousand, they are 15% of the countrywide soldiery.

Till now there are still many Anti-Japanese War veterans are alive in Hunan. We shot over one hundred veterans for history salvage, most are oral history by video. For documentaries those we following shot, we finish Anti-Japanese War Veteran in 2015, The Sichuan Army Veteran PENG Guochen, also with another one that is in post production.

Because we spent too much time in following shooting Anti-Japanese War veterans, their identity is just one side shown in our documentary. Our documentary mainly discusses about the increasingly serious problem of supporting elder people even if it also shows the problem of identity acceptance.

Raising children to provide against old age is Chinese tradition, however because of the economic development, most of labor force leave the villages and go outside to work, just the old and children stay in villages. For the old, material deprivation is a serious problem, but what’s worse, they are too lonely, also are ignored too easily.

The front part of Sichuan Army Veteran PENG Guochen is to show the younger generation should be responsible for the older generation. The latter part shows more about our social pension system, also with medical security. Many common people don’t know how to get welfare from government clearly. I was born in village and return to hometown in 2012, I went to city in 2017 August, that’s mainly because I need to provide better education for my son, because the education and medical treatment are not developing in village. The social resources distribution is unfair, central policy implementation faces serious problem.

I have seen too many old men have no dependence in villages, we need to rethink about this situation. Why our country is stronger but the social security is not developing? Respect the old and love the young is our traditional virtue, why now so many the old are in such a poor situation.

Everyone gets old including me, I wish when I’m old, I can live and die with dignity.

蒋能杰 Jiang Nengjie

2018-01-03